SUBEPENDYMOMA;

 

*These are originating from ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles

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•Usually benign (WHO Grade I) and slow-growing

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•Most cases are asymptomatic and are incidentally detected on routine imaging

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• Occasionally, they can grow large enough to obstruct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways or exert mass effect on adjacent neural structures, leading to symptoms.

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•Predominantly seen in middle-aged and older adults (50–60 years), with a slight male predominance.

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*Differential Diagnosis:

 

   1. Subependymoma – Typical age, location, no enhancement.

   

   2. Low-grade ependymoma – Usually younger patients, tends to enhance and infiltrative features.

 

  3. Heterotopia – Congenital, multiple.

 

  4. Gliomas: Heterogeneous and show more pronounced contrast enhancement.

 

  5. Calcified focus / old hemorrhage – Often excluded by CT.

 

  6. Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma: Associated with tuberous sclerosis, larger and more heterogeneous.